Teens Become More Exploratory with Age

Author: New York University
Author Contact: nyu.edu
Published: 15th Sep 2022
Peer-Reviewed Publication: Yes
Additional References: LGBT Adolescents Publications

Summary: Study reveals that teens become more exploratory with age, a behavior linked to greater social connectivity and psychological well-being.

Definition

Adolescence: Adolescence is considered a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs from puberty to adulthood (typically corresponding to the age of majority). Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological, or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later. Age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have not agreed upon a precise definition. Traditionally, it includes ages 10 to 19, but an expansive definition includes ages 10 to 24 to account for a more comprehensive understanding of this phase of life.

Main Document

Teenagers become more exploratory in their behaviors with age, becoming increasingly likely to visit new places over time, finds a new study. Its results also show that greater exploration is associated with enhanced psychological well-being and larger social networks.

Notably, the researchers also discovered that adolescents who explored their natural environments more also reported a greater number of risky behaviors.

"While adolescent risk-taking is typically seen as a problematic behavior, we found that heightened exploration was also linked to greater social connectivity and emotional well-being," says Catherine Hartley, an associate professor in New York University's Department of Psychology and the senior author of the study, which appears in the journal Psychological Science. "This suggests that risk-taking may have an adaptive function during adolescence."

Previously, Hartley and the University of Miami's Aaron Heller reported that new and diverse experiences are linked to enhanced happiness and that this relationship is associated with a greater correlation of brain activity. Those findings in Nature Neuroscience showed a connection between our daily physical environments and our sense of well-being.

In the new Psychological Science work, Hartley, Heller, and UCLA doctoral student Natalie Saragosa-Harris sought to understand better teens' and young adults' exploration of their environments, how it relates to behaviors we tend to see as "risky," and what the psychological significance of these behaviors might be.

Earlier studies have suggested that, compared to children and older adults, adolescents and young adults tend to engage in more exploratory and novelty-seeking behaviors-whether it's trying out new hobbies, sampling new friend groups, or visiting new places.

However, most studies of adolescent exploratory behaviors have relied on self-report or behavior in controlled laboratory environments, leaving open the question of whether heightened adolescent exploration is evident in the real world - when participants are in natural daily settings.

To better capture these phenomena, the scientists measured the everyday lives of 58 teenagers and adults (ages 13 to 27) in New York City, using GPS tracking to measure how often participants visited novel locations over three months. These measurements enabled them to capture daily exploration based on movement. Based on these GPS data and self-reports, the researchers found several notable patterns:

There was an association between daily exploration and age, with individuals near the transition to legal adulthood (18 to 21-year-olds) exhibiting the highest exploration levels.
Regardless of age, people reported better moods on days when they explored more, supporting the notion that exploration is linked to psychological well-being.
People who had higher average levels of exploration also reported larger social networks - measured by the number of unique individuals the subjects interacted with via phone calls and direct-messaging platforms.
Adolescents who explored their natural environments more also reported a greater number of risky behaviors (e.g., gambling, heavy drinking, illicit drug use, etc.)-an association not evident in adults.

"These findings play an important role for exploration in sustaining adolescent well-being and establishing social connectivity," observes Hartley. "While risky behaviors undoubtedly pose challenges, a healthy amount of exploration is important, particularly as individuals become adults, gain independence, and form their identities."

The paper's other authors included NYU's Alexandra Cohen and the University of Miami's Travis Reneau and William Villano. This research was supported by a National Science Foundation Faculty Early Career Development Award (BCS-1654393).

References and Source(s):

Teens Become More Exploratory with Age | New York University (nyu.edu). SexualDiversity.org makes no warranties or representations in connection therewith. Content may have been edited for style, clarity or length.

Post to Twitter Add to Facebook

Latest LGBT Adolescents Publications
The above information is from our reference library of resources relating to LGBT Adolescents that includes:
	For LGBTQ Youth Parental Support is Important A new study looks at parental social support and psychological control of depressive symptoms for LGBTQ youth in the United States. Publish Date: 6th Mar 2023
	Gender Dysphoria Rising in Youth - So is Professional Disagreement More adolescents with no history of gender dysphoria are presenting at gender clinics, especially in the US. Publish Date: 24th Feb 2023
	10% of Minors Seeking Abortion Must Pursue Court Approval, Many Are Denied U.S. states, including Colorado that have not banned abortion still do require those under age 18 to involve their parents before terminating a pregnancy. Publish Date: 21st Jan 2023
	LGBTQ Youth in Juvenile Correctional Facilities at High Risk for Suicide and Self-Harm A new study finds that LGBTQ youth are disproportionally represented in juvenile correctional facilities. Publish Date: 29th Nov 2022 - Updated: 30th Nov 2022